Publicación: Prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en el personal médico del Hospital Dr. Vinicio Calventi, en el período abril-junio 2025
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2025
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
Resumen
[Español] La ansiedad es una respuesta emocional compleja que se caracteriza por sentimientos de tensión, preocupación y cambios físicos como aumento del ritmo cardíaco, sudoración y temblores. Se considera una reacción adaptativa frente a amenazas percibidas, que prepara al organismo para enfrentar situaciones de peligro, conocida como la respuesta de "lucha o huida". La depresión es un trastorno mental común, caracterizado por un estado persistente de tristeza, pérdida de interés o placer en actividades, junto con una variedad de síntomas emocionales, cognitivos, conductuales y somáticos que afectan la funcionalidad diaria del individuo (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) la reconoce como una de las principales causas de discapacidad a nivel global y un factor significativo en la carga mundial de enfermedades. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo observacional de corte Prospectivo, no probabilístico. Estuvo representado por 101 personal médico de las diferentes especialidades en el periodo abril 2025 - junio 2025 del Hospital General Dr. Vinicio Calventi, ubicado en la carretera Hato nuevo No. 43, municipio de los Alcarrizos, en la ciudad de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana. Los Instrumentos utilizados fueron Cuestionarios validados como el DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales) y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Presentándose un porcentaje de 3% con ansiedad y 7% con Depresión y evidenciado que el sexo femenino es el más afectado. En definitiva, abordar la salud mental del personal médico no solo es un acto de justicia y dignidad profesional, sino también una medida estratégica para mejorar la calidad del sistema sanitario en su conjunto. Reconocer, prevenir y tratar a tiempo los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en este grupo es una responsabilidad compartida entre las instituciones de salud, las autoridades gubernamentales y la sociedad en general.
[English] Anxiety is a complex emotional response characterized by feelings of tension, worry, and physical changes such as increased heart rate, sweating, and tremors. It is considered an adaptive reaction to perceived threats, preparing the body to confront dangerous situations, known as the "fight or flight" response. Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by a persistent state of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, along with a variety of emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and somatic symptoms that affect an individual's daily functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes it as one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and a significant factor in the global burden of disease. A quantitative, descriptive, observational, prospective, nonprobabilistic study was conducted. The program was represented by 101 medical personnel from different specialties from April 2025 to June 2025 at the Dr. Vinicio Calventi General Hospital, located on Hato Nuevo Highway No. 43, in the municipality of Los Alcarrizos, in the city of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The instruments used were validated questionnaires such as the DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales) and semistructured interviews. The percentage of patients with anxiety and depression was 3% and 7%, with evidence that women are the most affected. Ultimately, addressing the mental health of medical personnel is not only an act of justice and professional dignity, but also a strategic measure to improve the quality of the healthcare system as a whole. Recognizing, preventing, and promptly treating symptoms of anxiety and depression in this group is a shared responsibility between healthcare institutions, government authorities, and society at large.
[English] Anxiety is a complex emotional response characterized by feelings of tension, worry, and physical changes such as increased heart rate, sweating, and tremors. It is considered an adaptive reaction to perceived threats, preparing the body to confront dangerous situations, known as the "fight or flight" response. Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by a persistent state of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, along with a variety of emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and somatic symptoms that affect an individual's daily functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes it as one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and a significant factor in the global burden of disease. A quantitative, descriptive, observational, prospective, nonprobabilistic study was conducted. The program was represented by 101 medical personnel from different specialties from April 2025 to June 2025 at the Dr. Vinicio Calventi General Hospital, located on Hato Nuevo Highway No. 43, in the municipality of Los Alcarrizos, in the city of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The instruments used were validated questionnaires such as the DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales) and semistructured interviews. The percentage of patients with anxiety and depression was 3% and 7%, with evidence that women are the most affected. Ultimately, addressing the mental health of medical personnel is not only an act of justice and professional dignity, but also a strategic measure to improve the quality of the healthcare system as a whole. Recognizing, preventing, and promptly treating symptoms of anxiety and depression in this group is a shared responsibility between healthcare institutions, government authorities, and society at large.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo final, Especialidad en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de:

