Publicación: Nivel de conocimiento sobre infecciones de vías urinarias en pacientes que asisten a la consulta de urología en el Hospital Docente Dr. Felix María Goico, en el período abril-mayo 2025
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2025
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
Resumen
[Español] El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el nivel de conocimiento sobre las infecciones de vías urinarias (IVU) en pacientes que asistieron a la consulta de urología en el Hospital Docente Dr. Félix María Goico durante el periodo abril-mayo de 2025. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, transversal y no experimental con una muestra de 80 pacientes seleccionados por conveniencia. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante un cuestionario estructurado compuesto por 17 preguntas que exploraron aspectos como definición, síntomas, causas, factores de riesgo, prevención, tratamiento y fuentes de información sobre las IVU. Los resultados evidenciaron un bajo nivel de conocimiento general: el 56% de los pacientes no supo definir lo que es una IVU, el 50% desconocía sus síntomas y el 63% ignoraba sus causas. Además, el 60% no conocía el tratamiento adecuado y el 50% no identificaba los riesgos de la automedicación. A pesar de ello, el 69% reconoció la importancia de completar el tratamiento prescrito. El 44% de los encuestados indicó que los médicos fueron su principal fuente de información, lo cual destaca la oportunidad de mejorar la educación en salud desde la atención médica primaria. Se concluye que existe una significativa brecha de conocimiento sobre las IVU en la población estudiada, lo que podría contribuir a la recurrencia, mal manejo y complicaciones de esta condición. Se recomienda implementar estrategias educativas efectivas para mejorar el conocimiento y la prevención de las IVU, con énfasis en pacientes con bajo nivel educativo y antecedentes de infecciones recurrentes.
[English] This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about urinary tract infections (UTIs) among patients attending the urology clinic at the Dr. Félix María Goico Teaching Hospital during the period April–May 2025. A descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental investigation was conducted with a convenience sample of 80 patients. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire consisting of 17 key questions exploring the definition, symptoms, causes, risk factors, prevention, treatment, and sources of information related to UTIs. The results revealed a generally low level of knowledge: 56% of patients were unable to define what a UTI is, 50% did not recognize its symptoms, and 63% were unaware of its causes. Furthermore, 60% were unfamiliar with appropriate treatments, and 50% could not identify the risks associated with self-medication. However, 69% acknowledged the importance of completing prescribed treatments. Physicians were cited as the main source of information by 44% of respondents, highlighting the opportunity to enhance health education during clinical encounters. The findings suggest a significant knowledge gap regarding UTIs in the studied population, which may contribute to recurrence, improper management, and complications. The study recommends implementing effective educational strategies to improve awareness and prevention of UTIs, especially among patients with limited formal education or a history of recurrent infections.
[English] This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about urinary tract infections (UTIs) among patients attending the urology clinic at the Dr. Félix María Goico Teaching Hospital during the period April–May 2025. A descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental investigation was conducted with a convenience sample of 80 patients. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire consisting of 17 key questions exploring the definition, symptoms, causes, risk factors, prevention, treatment, and sources of information related to UTIs. The results revealed a generally low level of knowledge: 56% of patients were unable to define what a UTI is, 50% did not recognize its symptoms, and 63% were unaware of its causes. Furthermore, 60% were unfamiliar with appropriate treatments, and 50% could not identify the risks associated with self-medication. However, 69% acknowledged the importance of completing prescribed treatments. Physicians were cited as the main source of information by 44% of respondents, highlighting the opportunity to enhance health education during clinical encounters. The findings suggest a significant knowledge gap regarding UTIs in the studied population, which may contribute to recurrence, improper management, and complications. The study recommends implementing effective educational strategies to improve awareness and prevention of UTIs, especially among patients with limited formal education or a history of recurrent infections.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo final, Maestría en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de:

