Publicación: Características clínicas y demográficas como predictores de severidad y mortalidad en pacientes COVID-19 del Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, en la ciudad de Santo Domingo, entre los meses de marzo-diciembre 2020
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2021
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
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[Español] Introducción: La presentación y severidad del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo por Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) representó un reto para la comunidad científica en el 2020. El presente estudio se realizó como contribución a su conocimiento. Se identificaron características clínicas y demográficas como predictores de severidad y mortalidad en pacientes infectados por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados en el Hospital General Plaza de la Salud (HGPS), República Dominicana. Métodos: El estudio fue tipo observacional-descriptivo, serie de casos, retrospectivo y transversal. Se incluyeron 228 pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico confirmado por laboratorio en el periodo marzo - diciembre de 2020. Los datos se recolectaron a través de historias clínicas electrónicas. Resultados: Se observó una edad media de 59.28 años (43-75; 61.4% masculinos), 42.54% casos severos, 23.25% críticos y una mortalidad de 22.37%. Las principales comorbilidades reportadas dentro del estudio fueron hipertensión arterial y Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Los factores con un nivel de asociación más fuerte a severidad y mortalidad fueron: presencia de fiebre, disnea, alteración del estado de conciencia, síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, necesidad de ventilación mecánica, eosinopenia y opacidades en vidrio deslustrado con distribución bilateral multifocal o difusa en los hallazgos tomográficos. Discusión: Los hallazgos descritos se asocian con severidad y/o mortalidad. Esto les otorga relevancia en el curso de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes hospitalizados, por lo que darles un seguimiento continuo sería útil para determinar la progresión de la enfermedad.
[English] Introduction: The presentation and severity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome by Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was a challenge for the scientific community in 2020. This study was carried out as a contribution to its current knowledge. Clinical and demographic characteristics were identified as predictors of severity and mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the Hospital General Plaza de la Salud (HGPS) in Dominican Republic. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational-descriptive, case series study. 228 in-patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis between March 2020 and December 2020 were included. The data was collected through electronic medical records. Results: A mean age of 59.28 years (43-75; 61.4% male), 42.54% severe cases, 23.25% critical cases and a mortality of 22.37%. The most reported comorbidities were arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The factors with a stronger level of association with severity and mortality were presence of fever, dyspnea, altered state of consciousness, respiratory distress syndrome, need for mechanical ventilation, eosinopenia, and ground glass opacities with bilateral multifocal or diffuse distribution as tomographic findings. Discussion: The described findings are associated with severity and / or mortality. This gives them relevance in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients, giving them continuous follow-up would be useful to determine the progression of the disease.
[English] Introduction: The presentation and severity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome by Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was a challenge for the scientific community in 2020. This study was carried out as a contribution to its current knowledge. Clinical and demographic characteristics were identified as predictors of severity and mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the Hospital General Plaza de la Salud (HGPS) in Dominican Republic. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational-descriptive, case series study. 228 in-patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis between March 2020 and December 2020 were included. The data was collected through electronic medical records. Results: A mean age of 59.28 years (43-75; 61.4% male), 42.54% severe cases, 23.25% critical cases and a mortality of 22.37%. The most reported comorbidities were arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The factors with a stronger level of association with severity and mortality were presence of fever, dyspnea, altered state of consciousness, respiratory distress syndrome, need for mechanical ventilation, eosinopenia, and ground glass opacities with bilateral multifocal or diffuse distribution as tomographic findings. Discussion: The described findings are associated with severity and / or mortality. This gives them relevance in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients, giving them continuous follow-up would be useful to determine the progression of the disease.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo de grado, Medicina]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de: