Publicación: Perfil de los pacientes hospitalizados interconsultados a la gerencia de medicina física y rehabilitación, en el período enero-junio 2022, en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud
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2023
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
Resumen
[Español] Introducción: La rehabilitación ha sido definida por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) como “un conjunto de intervenciones diseñadas para optimizar el funcionamiento y reducir la discapacidad en las personas con condiciones de salud en interacción con su entorno y la reconoce como uno de los servicios esenciales dentro de la cobertura universal de salud”. La movilización temprana se puede definir como la aplicación de actividad física dentro de los primeros dos a cinco días de una enfermedad o lesión crítica. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte trasversal, en el cual la información fue recopilada del récord clínico digital del paciente ingresado e interconsultado a la especialidad de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud en el periodo enero-junio 2022. Resultados: Medicina Intensiva representa el mayor número de pacientes referidos a nuestro servicio, para un total de 96 pacientes (30%). Post quirúrgico de reemplazo de rodilla es el diagnóstico más frecuente representando un 19.5%, El diagnóstico funcional más común fue el desacondicionamiento físico con un total de 131 (41%). 144 (45.2%) de los 318 pacientes fueron interconsultados dentro de los primeros tres días de su ingreso al hospital. Obtuvimos que 173 pacientes (54%) no acudieron a la consulta de seguimiento. El colchón anti escaras es la ayuda técnica más prescrita en un 39%. El promedio de días de seguimiento a los pacientes es de 1-5 días, en un 66%. 246 (77%) pacientes recibieron de 1-5 sesiones de terapia física. Discusión/conclusión: Estos hallazgos tienen como característica una población representativa de la atención brindada en nuestra institución, mas no necesariamente reflejar el perfil del paciente visto en otros centros del país. Ratificamos la importancia en la implementación de la movilización temprana, donde la evidencia es contundente hacia la mejoría con la intervención oportuna, persiguiendo siempre un mayor porcentaje de recuperación, incremento en el grado de independencia y disminución de la discapacidad.
[English] Introduction: Rehabilitation has been defined by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) as "a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in people with health conditions in interaction with their environment and recognizes it as one of the essential services within universal coverage. Early mobilization can be defined asthe application of physical activity within the first two to five days of a critical illness or injury. Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which the information was collected from the digital clinical record of the patient admitted and consulted to the specialty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud in the period of January-June 2022. Results: Intensive Medicine represents the specialty that refers the largest number of patients to our service, for a total of 96 (30%). Post-surgical knee replacement is the most frequent diagnosis representing 19.5%. The most common functional diagnosis is physical deconditioning with a total of 131 (41%). 144 (45.2%) of the 318 cases were consulted within the first three days of admission to the hospital. We obtained that 173 patients (54%) did not attend the follow-up consultation. The anti-decubitus mattress is the most prescribed technical aid in 39%. The average number of days of follow-up is 1-5 days (66%). 246 (77%) received 1-5 physical therapy sessions. Discussion/conclusion: These findings are representative population of the care provided in our institution, but do not necessarily reflect the profile of the patient seen in other centers in the country. We ratify the importance in the implementation of early mobilization, where the evidence is conclusive towards improvement with timely intervention, always pursuing a higher percentage of recovery, an increase in the degree of independence and a decrease in disability.
[English] Introduction: Rehabilitation has been defined by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) as "a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in people with health conditions in interaction with their environment and recognizes it as one of the essential services within universal coverage. Early mobilization can be defined asthe application of physical activity within the first two to five days of a critical illness or injury. Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which the information was collected from the digital clinical record of the patient admitted and consulted to the specialty of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud in the period of January-June 2022. Results: Intensive Medicine represents the specialty that refers the largest number of patients to our service, for a total of 96 (30%). Post-surgical knee replacement is the most frequent diagnosis representing 19.5%. The most common functional diagnosis is physical deconditioning with a total of 131 (41%). 144 (45.2%) of the 318 cases were consulted within the first three days of admission to the hospital. We obtained that 173 patients (54%) did not attend the follow-up consultation. The anti-decubitus mattress is the most prescribed technical aid in 39%. The average number of days of follow-up is 1-5 days (66%). 246 (77%) received 1-5 physical therapy sessions. Discussion/conclusion: These findings are representative population of the care provided in our institution, but do not necessarily reflect the profile of the patient seen in other centers in the country. We ratify the importance in the implementation of early mobilization, where the evidence is conclusive towards improvement with timely intervention, always pursuing a higher percentage of recovery, an increase in the degree of independence and a decrease in disability.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo final, Especialidad en Medicina de Rehabilitación]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de: https://repositorio.unibe.edu.do/jspui/handle/123456789/1599