Publicación: Caracterización de los pacientes mayor a 18 años con endocarditis infecciosa ingresados en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, durante el período de marzo 2021 – diciembre 2022
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2024
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
Resumen
[Español] Introducción: La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una patología que afecta principalmente a las válvulas cardíacas y el revestimiento del corazón, causada por un microorganismo patógeno, generalmente una bacteria, que crece en colonias formando unas estructuras características conocidas como vegetaciones. La información relativa a EI, conocida en nuestro medio ha sido poco estudiada y sus resultados difieren según la institución sanitaria. Objetivo: Caracterizar los aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos y microbiológicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de endocarditis infecciosa del Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, durante el periodo de marzo 2021 – diciembre 2022. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional retrospectivo, con datos clínicos de diagnóstico de EI, ingresados en el HGPS. Resultados: De 28 pacientes, el 50% correspondió al sexo masculino, la comorbilidad más frecuente fue la HTA (89.3%). La presencia de dispositivo intravascular fue el factor de riesgo predominante (28.5%). La fiebre fue la manifestación observada con mayor frecuencia. Los hallazgos que mostraron una diferencia significativa en el estado al egreso del paciente fueron disnea (Χ²=7.955, p=0.005), tabaquismo (Χ²= 6.22, p=0.013) y enfermedad vascular periférica (Χ²=6.22, p=0.013). El principal germen involucrado fue el S. aureus (10.7 %). El método de imagen utilizado con mayor frecuencia fue el ecocardiograma transtorácico (53.6%). El grupo de antimicrobianos más utilizados para el tratamiento fueron los glicopéptidos (60.7%). La intervención terapéutica que predomino fue la valvuloplastia (17.8%). La mortalidad fue de un 35.7% y la estadía hospitalaria tuvo un promedio de 28 días. Conclusión: La endocarditis infecciosa merece especial atención debido a su potencial gravedad y consecuencias para la salud. Los resultados que surgen de esta investigación enfatizan el abordaje integral basado en evidencias que merece esta afección.
[English] Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a condition primarily affecting heart valves and the heart's lining, caused by a pathogenic microorganism, typically a bacterium, growing in colonies and forming distinct structures known as vegetations. Information regarding IE, known in our context, has been scarcely studied, with outcomes varying across healthcare institutions. Objective: To characterize sociodemographic, clinical, and microbiological aspects of patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis at Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud during the period from March 2021 to December 2022. Methodology: A descriptive, observational retrospective study was conducted, analyzing clinical data patients diagnosed with IE and admitted to HGPS. Results: Of 28 patients, 50% were males; the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (89.3%). The presence of intravascular devices was the predominant risk factor (28.5%). Fever was the most commonly observed manifestation. The findings that showed a significant difference in the patient's discharge status were dyspnea (Χ²=7.955, p=0.005), smoking (Χ²= 6.22, p=0.013) and peripheral vascular disease (Χ²=6.22, p=0.013). The primary implicated germ was S. aureus (10.7%). The most frequently used imaging method was transthoracic echocardiography (53.6%). Glycopeptides (60.7%) were the most commonly used antimicrobials for treatment. Valvuloplasty predominated as the therapeutic intervention (17.8%). Mortality rate was 35.7%, with an average hospital stay of 28 days. Conclusion: Infective endocarditis warrants special attention due to its potential severity and health consequences. Results emerging from this research underscore the evidence-based comprehensive approach this condition deserves.
[English] Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a condition primarily affecting heart valves and the heart's lining, caused by a pathogenic microorganism, typically a bacterium, growing in colonies and forming distinct structures known as vegetations. Information regarding IE, known in our context, has been scarcely studied, with outcomes varying across healthcare institutions. Objective: To characterize sociodemographic, clinical, and microbiological aspects of patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis at Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud during the period from March 2021 to December 2022. Methodology: A descriptive, observational retrospective study was conducted, analyzing clinical data patients diagnosed with IE and admitted to HGPS. Results: Of 28 patients, 50% were males; the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (89.3%). The presence of intravascular devices was the predominant risk factor (28.5%). Fever was the most commonly observed manifestation. The findings that showed a significant difference in the patient's discharge status were dyspnea (Χ²=7.955, p=0.005), smoking (Χ²= 6.22, p=0.013) and peripheral vascular disease (Χ²=6.22, p=0.013). The primary implicated germ was S. aureus (10.7%). The most frequently used imaging method was transthoracic echocardiography (53.6%). Glycopeptides (60.7%) were the most commonly used antimicrobials for treatment. Valvuloplasty predominated as the therapeutic intervention (17.8%). Mortality rate was 35.7%, with an average hospital stay of 28 days. Conclusion: Infective endocarditis warrants special attention due to its potential severity and health consequences. Results emerging from this research underscore the evidence-based comprehensive approach this condition deserves.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo final, Especialidad en Medicina Interna]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de: https://repositorio.unibe.edu.do/jspui/handle/123456789/2213