Publicación: Efectividad del programa de rehabilitación vía telemedicina en los pacientes con SARS-COV-2 positivos, egresados del Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, en el periodo abril – mayo del 2020
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2020
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Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE)
Resumen
[Español] La aparición de la pandemia por COVID-19, su alto contagio, su impacto en salud en poblaciones vulnerables y su necesidad de distanciamiento social, obligó a adaptar rápidamente los procesos de atención ambulatoria a pacientes con enfermedades por medio de herramientas tecnológicas con eventos de atención no presencial (teleconsulta), siendo el objetivo general de esta investigación comprobar la efectividad del programa de rehabilitación vía telemedicina en los paciente con SARS– COV 2 positivos, egresados del Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, en el periodo abril – mayo del presente año. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, tipo encuesta transversal. La población estuvo constituida por todos los pacientes los pacientes con Sars-Cov-2 positivos, egresados del Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, durante el período señalado. Resultados: Se demostró que la población masculina fue la más frecuente, siendo el grupo etario más reiterado entre 46-60 años de edad. El estado civil más habitual fue casado, y el nivel de escolaridad más frecuente fueron media y universitario. La gran mayoría de participantes eran empleados asalariados, y residían en el Gran Santo Domingo. En la totalidad de pacientes captados fueron ingresados con diagnóstico clínico de COVID-19, y en su mayoría tenían como diagnostico funcional desacondicionamiento físico. La mayoría de los pacientes demostró notable mejoría en la percepción del ejercicio físico, para su primera teleconsulta, y luego impresión de reposo total al realizar algún fatiga o trabajo físico ya para su segunda teleconsulta, en más de un 70%, medido esto con la escala de BORG. Se le fue aplicada la escala de independencia a los pacientes, la mitad de los pacientes fue independiente en sus actividades de la vida diaria antes de la iniciar los ejercicios terapéuticos indicados, en cambio luego de realizar tratamiento rehabilitador indicado, el doble de porcentaje alcanzó independencia completa en sus actividades de la vida diaria. Se evidencio mejoría en la independencia de la marcha o ambulación antes y después de realizar los ejercicios terapéuticos, logrando marcha en terreno irregular en un 77%,medido esto bajo la Escala de Evaluación para la Capacidad de marcha. Se demostró que los pacientes presentaron mejoría notable en el riesgo de caída, fragilidad o deterioro del mismo, luego de completar tratamiento rehabilitador, según la aplicación de la prueba Levántese y ande.
[English] The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, its high contagion, its impact on health in vulnerable populations and its need for social distancing, forced the rapid adaptation of outpatient care processes to patients with diseases through technological tools with care events not face-to-face (teleconsultation), the general objective of this research being to verify the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program via telemedicine in patients with positive SARSCOVID 2, graduates of the Plaza De La Salud general hospital, in the period April -May of this year . Material and methods: This is a descriptive study, cross-sectional survey type. The population consisted of all patients with positive Sars-Covid 2, graduated from the Plaza de la Salud General Hospital, during the indicated period. Results: It was shown that the male population was the most frequent, being the most repeated age group between 46-60 years of age. Themost commonmarital status wasmarried, and themost frequent level of education was secondary and university. The vastmajority of participants were salaried employees, and resided in Greater Santo Domingo. All of the captured patients were admitted with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, andmost of them had a functional diagnosis of physical deconditioning. Most of the patients showed notable improvement in the perception of physical exercise, for their first teleconsultation, and then an impression of total rest when performing some fatigue or physical work already for their second teleconsultation, in more than 70%, measured with the BORG scale. The independence scale was applied to the patients, half of the patients were independent in their activities of daily living before starting the indicated therapeutic exercises, on the other hand, after performing the indicated rehabilitation treatment, twice the percentage achieved independence complete in your activities of daily living. There was evidence of improvement in the independence of the gait or ambulation before and after performing the therapeutic exercises, achieving gait on uneven terrain in 77%,measured under the Assessment Scale for Gait Ability. It was shown that the patients presented notable improvement in the risk of falling, fragility or deterioration of the same, after completing rehabilitation treatment, according to the application of the Get up and walk test.
[English] The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, its high contagion, its impact on health in vulnerable populations and its need for social distancing, forced the rapid adaptation of outpatient care processes to patients with diseases through technological tools with care events not face-to-face (teleconsultation), the general objective of this research being to verify the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program via telemedicine in patients with positive SARSCOVID 2, graduates of the Plaza De La Salud general hospital, in the period April -May of this year . Material and methods: This is a descriptive study, cross-sectional survey type. The population consisted of all patients with positive Sars-Covid 2, graduated from the Plaza de la Salud General Hospital, during the indicated period. Results: It was shown that the male population was the most frequent, being the most repeated age group between 46-60 years of age. Themost commonmarital status wasmarried, and themost frequent level of education was secondary and university. The vastmajority of participants were salaried employees, and resided in Greater Santo Domingo. All of the captured patients were admitted with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19, andmost of them had a functional diagnosis of physical deconditioning. Most of the patients showed notable improvement in the perception of physical exercise, for their first teleconsultation, and then an impression of total rest when performing some fatigue or physical work already for their second teleconsultation, in more than 70%, measured with the BORG scale. The independence scale was applied to the patients, half of the patients were independent in their activities of daily living before starting the indicated therapeutic exercises, on the other hand, after performing the indicated rehabilitation treatment, twice the percentage achieved independence complete in your activities of daily living. There was evidence of improvement in the independence of the gait or ambulation before and after performing the therapeutic exercises, achieving gait on uneven terrain in 77%,measured under the Assessment Scale for Gait Ability. It was shown that the patients presented notable improvement in the risk of falling, fragility or deterioration of the same, after completing rehabilitation treatment, according to the application of the Get up and walk test.
Citación
Apellido, Nombre del autor (año). Título del trabajo. [Trabajo final, Especialidad en Medicina de Rehabilitación]. Santo Domingo: Universidad Iberoamericana (UNIBE). Recuperado de: http://repositorio.unibe.edu.do/jspui/handle/123456789/266